Substrate

Overview of Substrate

Treat Substrate

1. Ge Substrate

(1) Washing Ge Substrate

Method 1: A mixture of pure water (made by Millipore), ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and heating to 80. reduce the defect density [from Prof. Hirayama].

Method 2: Special grade acetone and ethanol for 5-10 min each+regular ultrasonic cleaning at RT. A clean/dedicated breaker with the substrate surface up [from Prof. Miyamachi].

(2) Ar⁺ Sputter-Annealing

2. HOPG

3. Si

6. Cu

7. Ag

8. Au

10. Pt

4. GaAs

6. MgO

5. Al2O3

9. Pd

11. Rh

12. Ir